نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 استادیار دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

هدفازپژوهشحاضر، بررسیتأثیر دستور­العمل­های کانون توجه درونی و بیرونی (دور و نزدیک) بر یادگیری حفظ تعادل پویا در کودکان کم­توان ذهنی آموزش­پذیرمی­باشد. روش این پژوهش، نیمه­تجربی بوده و جامعۀ آماری آن را ­تمامی دانش­آموزان پسر کم­توان ذهنیمدارس استثنائی ناحیۀ دو شهر اهواز که در سال (­94-1393­) مشغول تحصیل بودند به تعداد 169 نفر تشکیل­ دادند که از میان آن­ها، 40 ­دانش­آموز هشت تا 12 سال به روش در­دسترس و هدفمندبه­عنوان نمونۀ آماری انتخاب شدند و به­صورت تصادفی در چهار گروه قرار گرفتند (توجه درونی، توجه بیرونیدور، توجه بیرونی نزدیک و کنترل). در پژوهش حاضر، تکلیف شامل: ایستادن آزمودنی­ها بر رویصفحۀ نیرو در سه شرایط کنترل، توجه بیرونی نزدیک و توجه بیرونی دور بود.آزمودنی­ها پس از شرکت در پیش­آزمون، به­مدت سه جلسه و در هر جلسه 15 کوشش را برای حفظ تعادل روی دستگاه تعادل­سنج تمرین نمودند و پس از 48 ساعت در آزمون یادداری شرکت کردند. ­براساس نتابج آزمون تحلیلواریانسیک­راههمشخص می­شودکهدرآزمون تعادل، تفاوتمعناداریبینگروه­هاوجود دارد. همچنین، دریافت می­شود که ­آزمودنی­ها در حالت توجه بیرونی دور عملکرد بهتری داشته­اند و نیز این­که بیماران در شرایط توجه بیرونی دور نسبت به توجه بیرونی نزدیکو توجه درونی، تعادل پویای بهتری دارند ((P<0.05.باتوجهبهنتایج­­پیشنهادمی­شود جهتبهبودمهارت­هایتعادلیدرکودکان کم­توان ذهنی،از دستورالعمل­هایکانونتوجهبیرونیدوراستفادهشود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effects of Instructions Attention Focus Internal and External on Learning Protection Dynamic Balance in Children with Mental Retardation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohsen Shahriyari 1
  • Somayeh Bazooband 1
  • Seyedeh Nahid Shetab Booshehri 2

چکیده [English]

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect instructions attention focus internal and external (far and near) on learning protection dynamic balance in educable children with mental retardation. Semi-experimental method of study and population included all student’s children with mental retardation at special school’s district 2 of Ahvaz city that in years 1393-94 studying, constituted (N=169). Objective sampling included 40 subjects’ students’ children 8-12 years old they were selected, and randomly divided into four groups (internal focus,near external focus, far external focus and control). The task required participants to stand on a force platform. Subjects after participating in the pre-test practiced in three sessions and each session 15 attempts for the maintain balance on balancing machine and after 48 hours were participated in the retention test. ANOVA test results showed a significant difference between groups in of test. In addition, both the far external focus condition continued to demonstrate increases in balance performance. (P<0.05). The considering results this study, it is suggested to improve the balance skills in children with mental retardation, the used of instructions external focus attention far.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Internal Attention‌
  • Far External Attention
  • Near External Attention
  • Dynamic Balance
  • Children with Mental Retardation‌
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