1) Lattal D. Vigilance: behaving safely routine, novel, and rare events. PMeZine [internet]; 2012 Apr 12. [cited 2014 Jan 30]. Available from:
http://aubreydaniels.com/pmezine/ vigilance-behaving-safely-during-routine-novel-and-rare-events
2) Pattyn N, Capt M D, Soeten E. Endogenous and exogenous attention in vigilance tasks. Vrije Universiteit Brussels;2004.Available from: http://viper.rma.ac.be/ pub/ PaperIMTAPattyn-Soetens2. pdf
|
3) Smit A S, Eling P A T M, Coenen A M L. Mental effort causes vigilance decrease due to resource depletion. Acta Psychologica. 2004; 115(1): 35–42.
|
4) Gunzelmann G, Moore L R, Gluck K A, Van Dongen H P A, Dinges D F. Individual difference in sustained vigilant attention: insight from computational cognitive modeling. Paper presented at: CogSci 2008. In Proceedings of the Thirtieth Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. Washington, DC, USA; 2008.
|
5) Hubal R, Reyes C, Newlin D. Individual differences in vigilance tasks: Research brief. Research Triangle Park: Institute for Homeland Security Solutions, Norce Carolina, USA; April, 2009. 10 P.
|
6) Shaw T H, Matthews G, Warm J S, Finomore V S, Silverman L, Costa Jr P T. Individual differences in vigilance: Personality, ability and state of stress. J Res Pers . 2010; 44(3): 297-308.
|
7) Stevenson H W. The effects of task and target characteristics on the vigilance decrement. Dissertation: Christchurch. University of Canterbury; 2010.
|
8) Head J, Helton W S. Natural scene stimuli and lapses of sustained attention. Conscious Cogn. 2012; 21(4): 1617-25.
|
9) Ross H A. The effect of disruptions on vigilance. Master’s Thesis. Christchurch: University of Canterbury; 2013.
|
10) Figueroa I J, Youmans R J. Individual differences in cognitive flexibility predict performance in Vigilance Tasks. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting. 2012; 56(1): 1099-103
|
11) Fenner P, Leahy s, Buhk A, Dawes p. Prevention of drowning: Visual scanning and attention span in lifeguard. J Occup Health, Australia and New Zealand. 1999; 15(1): 61-6.
|
12) Griffiths T. Psychology of lifeguarding. [excerpt from safer beaches] Human Kinetics [internet]; 2002. [Cited 2014 Jan 30]. Available from: http://www.humankinetics.com/ excerpts/excerpts/psychology-of-lifeguarding
|
13) Schwebel D C, Jones H N, Holder E, Marciani F. Lifeguards: A forgotten aspect of drowning prevention. J Inj Violence Res. 2010; 2(1): 1-3.
|
14) Coblentz A, Mollard R, Cabon P. bibliographic study of lifeguard vigilance. Applied Anthropology Institute, Paris, France; 2001. 34P.
|
15) Philips R M. Identification of factors that contribute to an increase in lifeguard complacency. Master’s Thesis. East Carolina: East Carolina University; 2010.
|
16) Pia F. Observations on the drowning of nonswimmers. Journal of Physical Education. The YMCA Society of North America, Warsaw, Indiana. 1974. 5 P. Available from: www.pia-enterprises.com/observations.rtf
|
17) Patterson L. Factors affecting lifeguard recognition of the submerged victim: Implications for lifeguard training, lifeguarding systems and aquatic facility design. Paper presented at: World Conference on Drowning Prevention. In Proceedings of the World Water Safety Conference and Exhibition. Porto, Portugal; 2007 Sep. 27-9
|
18) World Health Organization. Guidelines for Safe Recreational Water Environments, Vol. 2. Swimming Pools and Similar Environments. Geneva: world health organization. 2006: 253.
|
19) Wendling R C, Vegelsong H, Wuensch K L, Ammirati A. A pilot study of lifeguard perception. IJARE. 2007; 1: 322-8.
|
20) National Aquatic Safety Company. Nasco lifeguard text book .2nd Rev. Ed. [place unknown]. Nasco, LLC; 2008. 115 P.
|
21) Johnson M P. The effect of activity preference on attention restoration in lifeguards. PhD Dessertation. Salt lake, Utah: The University of Utah. 2009. 64 P.
|
22) Avramidis S, Butterly R, Llewellyn D. Drowning incident rescuer characteristics: Encoding the First component of 4W model. IJARE. 2009; 3(1): 66-82.
|
23) Griffiths R C, Griffiths T J. Internal noise distraction in lifeguarding. IJARE. 2012; 7(1): 56-71.
|
24) Methot L L, Huitema B E. Effects of signal probability on individual differences in vigilance. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. 1998; 40(1): 102-10.
|
25) Helton W S, Warm J S, Tripp L D, Matthews G, Parasuraman R, Hancock P A. Cerebral lateralization of vigilance: A function of task difficulty. Neuropsychologia. 2010; 48(6): 1683–8.
|
26) Bonnefond A, Doignon-Camus N, Hoeft A, Dufour A. Impact of motivation on cognitive control in the context of vigilance lowering: An ERP study. Brain Cognition. 2011; 77(3): 464- 71.
|
27) Szalma J L. Individual differences in performance, workload and stress in sustained attention: Optimisms and pessimisms. Pers Indiv Differ. 2009; 47(5): 441-5.
|
28) Winston L. Dying to swim: Lifeguards’ response to simulated aquatic emergencies. Master Thesis. Oklahoma: University of Tulsa; 2013.
|
29) Driver J, Frith C. Shifting baselines in attention research. Mac Millan Magazines Ltd; 2000 1(2): 147- 8.
|
30) Perry A R, Laurie C A. Sustained attention and the type a behavior pattern: The effect of daydreaming on performance. J Gen Psychol. 1992; 119(3): 217-28.
|
31) Lawshe C H. A quantitative approach to content validity. Pers Psychol. 1975; 28(4): 563-75.
|
32) Polit D F, Beck C T. The content validity index: are you sure you know what's being reported? Critique and recommendations. Res Nurs Health. 2006; 29(5): 489-97.
|
33) Beavers A S, Lounsbury J W, Richards J K, Huck S W, Skolits G J, Esquivel S L. Practical considerationas for using exploratory factor analysis in educational research. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation. 2013; 18(6): 1-13.
|
34) Tabachnick B G, Fidell L S. Using multivariate statistics. 6th ed. Pearson Education, Ink. USA; 2013.
|
35) Courtney M G R. Determining the number of factors to retain in EFA: Using the SPSS R-menu v2.0 to make more judicious estimations. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation. 2013; 18(8): 1-14.
|
36) Ovwigho, B. O. Empirical Demonstration of Techniques for Computing the Discrimination Power of a Dichotomous Item Response Test. Journal of Educational and Social Research. 2014; 4(1), 189-95
|