Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
- Maryam Ghojoghi 1
- Shahzad Tahmasebi Boroujeni 2
- Seid Mehdi Aghapoor 3
- Mehdi Shahbazi 4
- Elham Shirzad 5
1 Ph.D. of Motor Control, University of Tehran
2 Associate Professor. of Motor Behaviour and Sport Psychology, University of Tehran
3 Assistance Professor of Motor Behaviour, University of Tehran
4 Associate Professor of Motor Behaviour and Sport PsychologyUniversity of Tehran
5 Assistant Professor of Health and Sports Medicine, University of Tehran
Abstract
Variability is discussable topic in skilled execution, therefore; the aim of the present study was to investigate coordination variability between missed and successful chip pass skill between expert soccer players under variation of the task constraints. Participants included 10 right-footed soccer men in the age 22.06 ± 1.41 years’ old. They performed 10 passing soccer chips in different height of the barrier and various distances of ball to barrier and target (task constraints). Waterloo Footedness Questionnaire was used to determine of dominant foot and a 7-point Likert scale was used to evaluation of performance accuracy. Vector coding method was used to measure of motor coordination variability for recorded kinematic data form joints of the ankle, knee and hip of the kicking foot. All variables were found to be normally distributed (Shapiro Wilks > 0.05). Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to compare kinematic data between missed and successful trails (P≤0.05). Results showed that significant difference exist in the ankle-knee couplings between missed and successful trails in the first (Ball distance to target 10 meters and the height of barrier 1.5 m) and second (Ball distance to target 12 meters and the height of barrier 1.7 m) statuses (P= 0.01). While in the hip-knee couplings no significant difference exists between missed and successful trails in the first and second statuses (P= 0.61), (P= 0.36). The results indicate that probably skilled in their successful trails are capable to benefit of inherent variability of the system functionally for optimal organization of the task constraints and improve motor performance.
Keywords
- Davids K. Button C. Bennet S. Dynamics of Skill Acquisition. Champaign: Human Kinetics; 2008. p. 73-82.
- Renshaw I, Chow JY, Davids K, Hammond J. A constraints-led perspective to understanding skill acquisition and game play: A basis for integration of motor learning theory and physical education praxis? Phys Educ Sport Pedagogy. 2010;15(2):117-37.
- Button C, Smith J, Pepping GJ. The influential role of task constraints in acquiring football skills. London. Taylor & Francis; 2005. p. 481-9.
- Newell KM, Corcos DM. Variability and motor control. Champaign, Illinois: Human kinetics; 1993. p. 231-6.
- Davids K, Renshaw I, Glazier P. Movement models from sport reveal fundamental insights into coordination processes. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2005;33(1):36-42.
- Davids K, Bennett S, Newell K. Movement system variability. Champaign: Human Kinetics; 2006. p. 363-9.
- Stergiou N. Harbourne R. Cavanaugh J. Optimal movement variability: A new theoretical perspective for neurologic physical therapy. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2006;30(3):120-9.
- Stergiou N, Decker LM. Human movement variability, nonlinear dynamics and pathology: Is there a connection? Hum Mov Sci. 2011;30(5):869-88.
- Komar J, Seifert L, Thouvarecq R. What variability tells us about motor expertise: Measurements and perspectives from a complex system approach. Movement & Sport Sci. 2015; 89:65–77.
- Seifert L, Button C, Davids K. Key properties of expert movement systems in sport: An ecological dynamics perspective. Sports Med. 2013;43(3):167-78.
- Bartlett R, Wheat J, Robins M. Is movement variability important for sports biomechanics? Sports Biomech. 2007;6(2):224-43.
- Hiley MJ, Zuevsky VV, Yeadon MR. Is skilled technique characterized by high or low variability? An analysis of high bar giant circles. Hum Movement Sci. 2013;32(1):171-80.
- Chow JY, Davids K, Button C, Koh M. Variation in coordination of a multi-articular action as a function of skill level. Mot. Behav. 2007;39(6):463-79.
- Button C, MacLeod M, Sanders R, Coleman S. Examining movement variability in the basketball free-throw action at different skill levels. Exerc & Sport. 2003;74(3):257-69.
- Mehdizadeh S, Arshi AR, Davids K. Quantification of stability in an agility drill using linear and nonlinear measures of variability. Acta Bioeng Biomech. 2014;16(3): 59-67.
- Wilson C, Simpson S, van Emmerik, REA, Hamill J. Coordination variability and skill development in elite triple jumpers. Sports Biomech. 2008;7(1):2-9.
- Saemi E. Effect of various attentional strategies and skill level on performance and variability coordination: The role of visual information [Masterˊ thesis]. [Tehran]: Shahid Beheshti University; 2016. (In Persian).
- Mullineaux DR, Uhl TL. Coordination-variability and kinematics of misses versus swishes of basketball free throws. Sports Sci. 2010;28(9):1017-24.
- Taylor PG, Landeo R, Coogan J. Intraindividual movement variability within the 5 m Water Polo shot. Appl Biomech. 2014; 30:477-82.
- Button C, MacLeod M, Sanders R, Coleman S. Examining movement variability in the basketball free-throw action at different skill levels. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2003;74(3):257–69.
- Ali Poor A, Zamani M, Agah Haris M. Foot dominance an appropriate indicator for lateralization. Psychology. 2011;3(1):23-32. (In Persian).
- Uehara LA, Button C, Davids K. The effects of focus of attention instructions on novices learning soccer chip. Braz. J. Biomotricity. 2008;2(1):63-77.
- Yumeng I, Marion A, Chery G, Jeff L. Quantifying inter-segmental coordination during the instep soccer kicks. Int J Exerc Sci .2016;9(5):646-56.
- Fabio P, Gaetano R. Video analysis in youth volleyball team. Hum Sport & Exerc. 2014;9(1):584-7.
- Tepavac D, Field-Fote EC. Vector coding: A technique for quantification of inter-segmental coupling multicyclic behaviors. Appl Biomech. 2001;17(3):259-70.
- Davids K, Glazier P, Araújo D, Bartlett RM. Movement systems as dynamical systems: The role of functional variability and its implications for sports medicine. Sports Med. 2003;33(4):245-60.
- Hamill J, Van Emmerik RE, Heiderscheit BC. A dynamical system approach to lower extremity running injuries. Clin Biomech. 1999;14(5):297-308.
- Anderson DI, Sidaway B. Coordination changes associated with practice of a soccer kick. Exerc & Sport. 1994;65(2):93-9.
- Yumeng I, Marion A, Chery G, Jeff L. Quantifying inter-segmental coordination during the instep soccer kicks. Int J Exerc Sci. 2016;9(5):646-56.
- Chow JY, Davids K, Button C, Koh M. Coordination changes in a discrete multi-articular action as a function of practice. Acta Psychol. 2008; 127:163-76.
- Cazzola D, Pavei G, Preatoni E. Can coordination variability identify performance factors and skill level in competitive sport? The case of race walking. J Sport Health Sci. 2016;5(3):35-43.
- Preatoni E, Hamill J, Harrison AJ, Hayes K, Van Emmerik RE, Wilson C, et al. Movement variability and skills monitoring in sports. Sport Biomech. 2013; 12: 69-92.
)