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The Effects of Motor-Motor and Motor- Cognitive Dual Task Training on Balance and Working Memory Among Older Women

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. Candidate in Motor Behavior and Sport Management, Urmia University

2 Associate Professor of Motor Behavior and Sport Management, Urmia University

3 Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior, Islamic Azad University of Urmia

Abstract

Aging is associated with the visual degeneration, loss of posture, that leads to the decreased muscle strength, balance, and cognitive activity, therefore, resulted in decreased physical activity. The purpose of the present study was to compare the impact of two types of motor-motor and motor-cognitive dual task training on balance and working memory among elderly women in Tehran. The participants were 45 elderly women (mean age 67.71 years; SD: 5.49) that were randomly assigned as the motor-cognitive, motor-motor and control groups. This study including of three stages of pre-test, training in two dual task ways motor-motor and motor-cognitive and post-test. Motor-motor dual-task training includes resistance training along with a motor training simultaneously, such as moving the ball up and down, throwing the bag, holding the bag. Motor-Cognitive dual-task training also includes resistance training along with a cognitive training simultaneously, such as revers the number counting, performing mathematical calculations, the reversing the spelling of particular names. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics, statistical methods of mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) 2 × 3 and Bonferroni post hoc test were used. The results showed that the working memory score for the motor-cognitive training group is higher than the motor-motor (P= 0.005) and control (P = 0.002) groups. In addition, results showed a higher score of Berg scales of balance for motor-cognitive and motor-motor groups in the post-test compared to pre-test (P = 0.01). However, this increase is the highest in the motor-cognitive group. In general, the results of the research suggest that motor-cognitive dual task training promote balance and improve working memory as a result of enhancing neural functions that outperforms motor-motor or pure motor training model in function.

Keywords

Main Subjects

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Motor Behavior
Volume 12, Issue 39
Spring 2020
April 2020
Pages 89-106
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History
  • Receive Date: 26 February 2018
  • Revise Date: 04 August 2018
  • Accept Date: 12 August 2018
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