Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

The purpose of this study was the effect of aerobic exercise on social interaction in children with mentally disable. Research community were Babolsars' children with mentally disable in 1390-1391 Academic year، 24 of 58 children with mentally disable (age =9±2 years) were selected and divided into two prayer groups and controls groups randomly. To assess the social interaction the Dadkhah social interaction questioner was used. Quasi-experimental method with pre- test and post- test design with a control group was used for this research. As a result of this research 8 weeks aerobic exercise could increase social interaction in children with mentally disable (P≤0.001). Finally, we can conclude the nature of aerobic exercise can increase social interaction in children with mentally disable.

Keywords

1) Tse J, Strulovitch J, Tagalakis V, Meng L, Fombonne E. Social skills training for adolescents with Asperger syndrome and high-functioning autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2007; 37(10): 1960-8.
2) Allen E K, Cowdery G E. The exceptional child: Inclusion in early childhood education; 2011. Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. 7th edition.
3) Ulrich D A, Burghardt A R, Lloyd M, Tiernan C, Hornyak J E. Physical activity benefits of learning to ride a two-wheel bicycle for children with down syndrome: A randomized trial. Physical Therapy. 2011; 91(10):1463-77.
4) Laugeson E A, Frankel F, Mogil C, Dillon A R. Parent-assisted social skills training to improve friendships in teens with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2009; 39(4): 596-606.
5) Vickerstaff S, Heriot S, Wong M, Lopes A, Dossetor D. Intellectual ability، self-perceived social competence، and depressive symptomatology in children with high-functioning autistic spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2007; 37(9): 1647-64.
6) Verschuren O, Takken T. Aerobic capacity in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. Research in Developmental Disabilities. 2010; 31(6):1352-7.
7) مقرنسی مهدی، کوشان محسن، گلستانه فرشته، سید احمدی محمد، کیوانلو فهیمه. تأثیر یک دوره تمرین ایروبیک بر سلامت روان زنان معتاد‌. مجلۀ دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی سبزوار.1390؛ 18‌(2) : 7ـ91.
8) هداوند‌خانی فاطمه، میر‌زمانی سید‌محمود. تأثیر فعالیت‌های موسیقیایی بر حافظۀ کوتاه‌مدت دانش‌آموزان کم‌توان ذهنی. مجلۀ پژوهش در حیطۀ کودکان کم‌توان ذهنی. 1387؛ 8 (3) : 16ـ307.
9) Fragala-Pinkham M, O'Neil M E, Haley S M. Summative evaluation of a pilot aquatic exercise program for children with disabilities. Disability and Health Journal. 2010; 3(3):       162-70.
10) Shields N, Synnot A J, Barr M. Perceived barriers and facilitators to physical activity for children with disability: A systematic review. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2012; 46(14): 989-97.
11) رخش بهار، کاوه سامی. مقایسۀ تعاملات اجتماعی دانش‌آموزان پسر ورزشکار و بازیکنان بازی‌های رایانه‌ای‌. مجلۀ آموزش تربیت‌بدنی. 1390؛ 12(2) : 30ـ26.
12) جنا‌آبادی حسین. تأثیر آموزش مهارت‌های اجتماعی بر کاهش اختلالات رفتاری دانش‌آموزان استثنائی پایۀ پنجم مدرسۀ مختلط کوثر زاهدان . فصلنامۀ روان‌شناسی افراد استثنائی. 1390؛ 1(2): 84-73.
13) قنبری هاشم‌آبادی بهرام‌علی، سعادت معصومه. بررسی تأثیر حرکات ریتمیک یوگا بر تعاملات اجتماعی کودکان کم‌توان ذهنی (پسر) مقطع ابتدایی شهر سنگان ـ خواف‌.مجلۀ مطالعات تربیتی و روان‌شناسی .1389؛ 11(1) : 88ـ171.
14) Oriel K N, George C L, Blatt P J. The impact of a community based exercise program in children and adolescents with disabilities: A pilot study. Physical Disabilities: Education and Related Services. 2008‌; 27: 5-20.
15) Wainer A L, Ingersoll B R. The use of innovative computer technology for teaching social communication to individuals with autism spectrum disorders. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders. 2011‌; 5(1): 96-107.
16) علی‌اکبری دهکردی مهناز، دادخواه اصغر، مهرداد‌فر فریبا، محتشمی طیبه، کردستانی داوود. بررسی اثر‌بخشی روانی دوساهو بر تعامل اجتماعی و مؤلفه‌های آن در کودکان فلج مغزی. مجلۀ کودکان کم‌توان ذهنی. 1390؛ 11(3): 53ـ245.
17) Perez-Pereira M, Conti-Ramsden G. Language development and social interaction in blind children. Psychology Press. 2013;2(3): 43-58.
18) Chu C H, Pan C Y. The effect of peer-and sibling-assisted aquatic program on interaction behaviors and aquatic skills of children with autism spectrum disorders and their peers/siblings. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders. 2012; 6(3): 1211-23.
19) لاریجانی زرین‌السادات، رازقی نرگس. بررسی کاربرد هنر‌های نمایشی در تعاملات اجتماعی دانش‌آموزان کم‌توان ذهنی. مجلۀپژوهش در حیطۀ کودکان کم‌توان ذهنی‌. 1386؛ 8 (15) : 52ـ43.
20) Womack S A, Marchant M, Borders D. Literature-based social skills instruction: A strategy for students with learning disabilities. Intervention in School and Clinic. 2011; 46(3): 157-164.
21) Harada C M, Siperstein G N, Parker R C, Lenox D. Promoting social inclusion for people with intellectual disabilities through sport: Special olympics international, global sport initiatives and strategies. Sport in Society. 2011‌; 14(9): 1131-48.
22) Pan C Y. Effects of water exercise swimming program on aquatic skills and social behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorders. Autism. 2010; 14(1): 9-28.
23) Galway T M, Metsala J L. Social cognition and its relation to psychosocial adjustment in children with nonverbal learning disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities. 2011; 44(1):       33-49.
24) Scherzer A L, Chhagan M, Kauchali S, Susser E. Global perspective on early diagnosis and intervention for children with developmental delays and disabilities. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. 2012; 54(12): 1079-84.
25) کارگر زهرا، یزدی سیده منور. مقایسۀ تعاملات اجتماعی و اختلال‌های رفتاری دانش‌آموزان کم‌توان ذهنی ورزشکار و غیر‌ورزشکار شهر تهران. فصلنامه کودکان استثنائی. 1381 ؛ 32-423.
26) Case-Smith J. Systematic review of interventions to promote social–emotional development in young children with or at risk for disability. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy. 2013; 67(4): 395-404.
27) Lang R, Koegel L K, Ashbaugh K, Regester A, Ence W, Smith W. Physical exercise and individuals with autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders. 2010; 4(4): 565-76.
28) Zastrow C. Brooks/Cole Empowerment Series: Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare. 2013; 11th edition. Brooks/cole cengage learning.