Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 phd student
2 Faculty of physical education and sport sciences in Kharazmi university
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor of Imam Ali Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Tehran Branch, Tehran Center, Iran
Abstract
The complexity of training exercises and the issue of individual differences have created many challenges for motor skills trainers. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of linear and non-linear training methods in facilitating the acquisition of coordination in basketball free throw. Forty-five boys (average age = 9±1.2 years) were randomly assigned to the linear learning group and tow training groups by manipulating task constraints and differential training as a nonlinear method to learn basketball free throw skills in 8 practice sessions. Measurement of performance and changes in coordination were investigated by the pre-test-post-test method with a kinematic motion analysis. In order to analyze the data, the analysis of variance test with repeated measurements and the paired t-test were used to compare the RMSe scores. The results showed that the variability of the coordination of the wrist and elbow joints improved significantly in the task constraints manipulation group (P ≤ .01) and the accuracy scores in the tow nonlinear groups increased significantly, and this improvement was far greater for the task constraints manipulation group than the other two groups. As a result, it is suggested that sports coaches take advantage of non-linear training, especially the manipulation of task constraints in their training.
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