نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی‌ارشد روان‌شناسی ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)
2 دانشیار رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)
چکیده
هدف از پژوهش حاضر، مقایسة فرایند اکتساب خبرگی در صخره‌نوردان مدال‌آور استانی و کشوری بود. بدین‌منظور، 50 مدال‌آور صخره‌نورد (23 مدال‌آور در سطح استان و 27 مدال‌آور در سطح کشور) به‌صورت در‌دسترس و هدفمند انتخاب شدند و با استفاده از پرسش‌نامة "تاریخچة تکاملی ورزشکاران هوپ‌وود"، تاریخچة تمرینی ورزشکاران بررسی شد. داده‌های به‌دست‌آمده با آزمون‌های تحلیل کوواریانس، تی مستقل و ضریب فی تحلیل گردید. برمبنای نتایج، بین دو گروه به‌لحاظ سن شروع تمرین صخره‌نوردی تفاوت معناداری مشاهده نمی‌شود. همچنین، حدود 16 درصد از مدال‌آوران کشوری و 24 درصد از مدال‌آوران استانی تک‌ورزشی می‌باشند. میزان تمرین سنجیدة صخره‌نوردی در مدال‌آوران کشوری بالاتر از مدال‌آوران استانی است. علاوه‌براین، مدال‌آوران کشوری در ردة سنی 16 سال به بالا مهارت‌های روانی را بیش‌تر از مدال‌آوران استانی تمرین کرده‌اند؛ اما بین دو گروه در متوسط ساعات پرداختن به تمرین بدنسازی تفاوت معناداری مشاهده نمی‌شود. به‌طورکلی، این نتایج اطلاعات ارزنده‌ای را درمورد فرایند اکتساب خبرگی صخره‌نوردان و انواع فعالیت‌هایی که در کسب عملکرد ماهرانۀ آن‌ها مؤثر بوده است را فراهم می‌کند که این اطلاعات می‌تواند به مسئولان برای برنامه‌ریزی‌های آموزشی و به والدین برای قراردادن فرزندان خود در مسیر بهتر ورزشی یاری رساند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Comparing the Expertise Acquisition Process among the Young Rock Climbers at Different Levels of Competition, Based on the Evolutionary Model of Sports Participation
نویسندگان [English]
- Mahshid Nasri 1
- Rokhsareh Badami 2
1 M. Sc. of Sport Psychology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University
2 Associate Professor of Motor Behaviour, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University
چکیده [English]
The aim of the current study was to compare the expertise acquisition process between provincial and national rock climbing medalists. For this purpose, 50 rock climbing medalists (23 medalists at the provincial level and 27 medalists at the country level) were selected using available and purposive sampling methods. The history of Exercises was recorded using the Hopwood developmental history of athletes’ questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using ANCOVA, independent t-test, and the phi coefficient. No significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of the age of beginning rock climbing exercises. About 16% of the national medalists and 24% of the provincial medalists were single-sport athletes. In general, the amount of rock climbing exercises was significantly higher in the national medalists than in the provincial medalists. The average hour of mental skills training was significantly higher in the national medalists than in the provincial medalists in the age range of 16 years and older but no significant difference was observed between the two groups in a comparison between their average hours of performing bodybuilding exercises. The present study provides valuable information about the expertise acquisition process in rock climbers as well as a variety of activities which have been effective in acquiring their skillful performance. This information can help officials in educational planning, and can help parents to put their children in a better athletic path.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Expertise
- Evolutionary Model of Sports Participation
- Intentional Exercise
- Rock Climbing
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