نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران شرق
2 استادیار رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران
3 استاد روان‌شناسی ورزشی- فیزیولوژی روانی، دانشگاه امام حسین
چکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر، مقایسة اثر مشاهدة مدل‌های مبتدی، ماهر و ترکیبی در یادگیری مهارت شناختی- حرکتی تردستی با سه توپ بود. آزمودنی‌ها 40 نفر از دانشجویان دختر 25-19 ساله بودند که هیچ آشنایی با تردستی نداشتند. شرکت‌کننده‌ها بعد از انجام پیش‌آزمون، به چهار گروه مشاهدة مدل مبتدی، ماهر، ترکیبی و گروه فعالیت بدنی تقسیم شدند. گروه مشاهدة مدل ماهر اجرایمهارت را توسط یک فرد ماهر ازطریق فیلم ویدئویی تماشا کردند. گروه مشاهدة مدل مبتدی اجرای مهارت را توسط یک فرد مبتدی ازطریق فیلم ویدئویی تماشا کردند و مدل ماهر- مبتدی، هر دو نمایش مدل ماهر و مبتدی را مشاهده کردند. پژوهش طی ششهفته انجام شد. سه مرحلة پیش‌آزمون؛ یعنی اکتساب، یادداری و انتقال انجام شد.تجزیه‌و‌تحلیل داده‌ها ازطریق تحلیل واریانس یک‌راهه با اندازه‌گیری مکرر انجام شد (P <0.05). از آزمونکرویتموچلی، آزمونتعقیبیشفه وتوکی وروش گرین هاوس-گیزر نیز استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که در آزمون اکتساب، یادداری مشاهدة مدل مبتدی به‌طور معناداری نسبت به گروه‌های دیگر بهبود بیشتری را به‌همراه دارد؛ اما درآزمون انتقال معنادار نبود.درمجموع،این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که مدل مبتدی برای یادگیری یک تکلیف شناختی- حرکتی سودمندی بیشتری دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of Novice, Expert and Mixed Observational Models on Cognitive- Motor Task Learning
نویسندگان [English]
- Mahtab Arabi 1
- Abdollah Ghasemi 2
- Seyed Mohammad Kazem Vaez Mousavi 3
1 Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior, Azad Islamic University of branch East Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor of Sport Psychology, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
The aim of this study was compared the effect of observation of novice, expert, and mixed models, in motor- cognitive task learning for 3-ball cascade juggle. The participants were 40 female students aged 19 to 25 who had never juggling. They were divided in to four matched groups after pre-test: novice model observation group, expert, mixed and physical practice group. Expert model observation group watched a video executing the skill by a skilled person. Novice model observation group watched a video executing the skill by a novice and mixed model watched both videos. The research was done in six weeks. Three phases were down, pree test, acquisition, retention and transfer. Data were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA (P<0.05). There was used of mauchly's test of sphericity, Scheffe post hoc test, tukey test and greenhouse geisser test too. The result was show that novice model observation was better than other groups during the acquisition, retention and transfer phase but in the transfer test it was not significant. Finally, this research is show that the use of novice model is Beneficial for motor-cognitive skills learning.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Motor Learning
- Observational Learning
- Acquisition
- Retention
- Model Demonstration
- Juggling
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