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اثر ژنوتیپ‌های متفاوت ACE و ACTN-3 بر رشد مهارت‌های حرکتی بنیادی کودکان 4 الی 6 ساله

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تربیت بدنی- دانشگاه لرستان، ایران

2 دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر رشد مهارت‌های حرکتی بنیادی که به‌عنوان زیر‌ساز مهارت‌های حرکتی پیشرفته درنظر گرفته می‌شوند؛ می‌تواند، اهمیت زیادی در شناسایی و هدایت استعداد‌های برتر ورزشی داشته باشد. از اینرو، پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر ژنوتیپ‌هایACE وACTN-3 بر رشد مهارت‌های حرکتی بنیادی کودکان انجام شده ‌است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش، شامل کلیه کودکان مهد‌کودکی 4 الی 6 ساله از شهر الشتر بود که به‌شکل تصادفی خوشه‌ای تعداد 50 نفر به‌عنوان نمونۀ پژوهش انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات، شامل آزمون مهارت‌های حرکتی درشت اولریخ- ویرایش دوم و استفاده از PCR جهت تعیین ژنوتیپ‌های ACE و ACTN-3 بود. داده‌های پژوهش با استفاده از آزمون‌ تحلیل واریانس یک‌طرفه و آزمون t مستقل در سطح معناداری P<0.05، مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که کودکان برخوردار از آلل D ژن ACE، (ژنوتیپ DD یا ID)، نسبت ‌به کودکان دارای ژنوتیپ II (P<0.05)، و کودکان برخوردار از آلل R ژن ACTN-3، (ژنوتیپ RR یا RX)، نسبت به کودکان دارای ژنوتیپ XX(P<0.000)، از رشد مهارت‌های حرکتی جابجایی بهتری برخوردار می‌باشند. اما، هیچ‌کدام از این تفاوت‌ها در رشد مهارت‌های حرکتی کنترل ‌شیء (P>0.05)، مشاهده نشد. بنابراین، می‌توان گفت که کودکان برخوردار از ژنوتیپ‌های DD یا ID ژن ACE و ژنوتیپ‌های RR یا RX ژن ACTN-3، از سطح رشدی بالاتری در اجرای مهارت‌های حرکتی جابجایی برخوردارند و در صورت فراهم بودن شرایط محیطی مناسب این افراد در آینده نیز قادر به اجرای مهارت‌های ورزشی در سطوح بالای عملکردی خواهند بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of ACE and ACTN-3 difference genotypes on fundamental movement skills development in 4-6 years old children

نویسندگان [English]

  • nazarpouri shahram 1
  • bahram abbas 2

1 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, lorestan University. Iran

2 Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tehran Kharazmi University, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Abstract
The identification of effective factors on fundamental movement skills, considered as the substructure of advanced movement skills, can be very important in superior sports talents’ identification and guidance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ACE and ACTN-3 genotypes on the development of fundamental movement skills in children. The statistical population of this study included 4-6 years old kindergarten children in Aleshtar and 50 of them were selected, using cluster sampling method, as the study samples. The data collection tools included the test of gross motor development (TGMD-2) and PCR for determination of ACE and ACTN-3 genotypes. A one-way analysis of variance and independent- t test at a significance level of p≤ 0.05 was used to analyze the study data. The findings showed that the D-allele of ACE carriers, (DD or ID genotype), had greater development of locomotors movement skills than II genotype carriers (p<0/001), and also ACTN-3 R-allele carriers (RR or RX genotype), had greater development of locomotors movement skills than XX genotype (p<0/000). However, none of these differences was observed in the development of object control motor skills (p> 0.05). Therefore, it can be said that the children carrying DD or ID genotype of ACE and RR or RX genotype of ACTN-3 had higher development level in locomotors motor skills performance and will be able to perform sport skills in higher levels if provided with desirable environmental conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Key words: "Genotype"
  • "Phenotype"
  • "Sport Gene"
  • "Motor Development"
  • "Children"
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رفتار حرکتی
دوره 13، شماره 43
بهار 1400
فروردین 1400
صفحه 63-84
فایل ها
سابقه مقاله
  • تاریخ دریافت: 30 تیر 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 آذر 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 دی 1397
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