نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد یادگیری و کنترل حرکتی،گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 دانشیار رفتارحرکتی، گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 استادیار رفتار حرکتی، بخش علوم ورزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر مقایسه تأثیر دو روش تغییرپذیری (تداخل زمینه‌ای و یادگیری افتراقی) بر یادگیری مهارت ضربه گلف بود. بدین منظور 50 دختر دانشجو (میانگین سنی=7/1± 6/21) به‌صورت تصادفی در پنج گروه تداخل زمینه‌ای مسدود، تداخل زمینه ای تصادفی ، یادگیری افتراقی مسدود ، یادگیری افتراقی تصادفی و کنترل تقسیم شدند. شرکت‌کنندگان پس از پیش‌آزمون، بر اساس گروه‌بندی مربوطه، تکلیف گلف را به مدت سه روز متوالی (هرروز 10 بلوک 12 کوششی) تمرین نمودند. سپس آزمون یادداری فوری را 10 دقیقه پس از آخرین جلسه اکتساب و آزمون یادداری تأخیری را 72 ساعت بعد از آخرین جلسه اکتساب انجام دادند. آزمون انتقال نیز با همین ترتیب انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که گروه‌های یادگیری افتراقی در مراحل آزمون‌های یادداری تفاوت معنی‌داری با گروه تداخل زمینه ای تصادفی ندارند (05/0<P)، اما در مرحله انتقال گروه‌های یادگیری افتراقی دقت بالاتری را از خود نشان دادند(05/0 P <)؛ بنابراین، تغییرات مداوم ایجادشده در یادگیری افتراقی، احتمالا به دلایلی مانند ظهور جاذب های وابسته به خود و وابسته به زمینه و همچنین پدیده نوسانات تصادفی، قابلیت تعمیم‌پذیری بیشتری نسبت الگویی را داشته که توسط تمرین تداخل زمینه ای ایجادشده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Comparison of two methods of variability on the learning of golf putting: Contextual Interference and Differential leaning

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyede Houriye Mousavi 1
  • Alireza Saberi Kakhki 2
  • David Fazeli 3

1 M.A in Motor Learning and Control, Department of Motor Behavior, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

2 Associate Professor of Motor Behavior, Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

3 Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior, Department of sport sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shiraz University

چکیده [English]

This study was aimed to compare the effect of two methods of variability (contextual interference and differential learning) on the learning in golf putting. For this purpose, 50 female students (mean age 21.6 ± 1.7) were randomly divided into five groups, including blocked contextual interference (BCI), random contextual interference (RCI), blocked differential learning (BDR), random differential learning (RDR), and control. After a pre-test, participants practiced the putting task for three consecutive days (10 blocks per day, 12 trails each) according to their grouping. Ten minutes and 72 hours after the last practice session, the immediate and delayed retention tests were performed, respectively. Also, the participants completed a transfer test. Results for the retention tests did not show a significant difference between differential learning groups and the random contextual interference group (p > 0.05), while during the transfer phase, differential learning groups showed higher accuracy (p < 0.05). Therefore, the continuous changes in differential learning Probably for reasons like the emergence of the subject and context-dependent attractors also the phenomenon of Stochastic perturbations seems to be more generalizable than the pattern created by contextual interference.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • random practice
  • blocked practice
  • blocked differential learning
  • random differential learning
  • motor learning
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