نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش آموخته دکتری دانشگاه خوارزمی
2 فدراسیون تکواندو ج.ا. ایران
3 دانشگاه رجا
4 گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران،ایران.
چکیده
سن نسبی به طور گسترده در زمینه ورزش در رده‌های پایه در سالهای اخیر مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. پدیده اثر سن نسبی (RAE) به شناسایی مزایا و معایب سنی نسبی کودکان و نوجوانان متولد یک سال می‌پردازد. مطالعه حاضر در پی بررسی اثر سنی نسبی در تکواندوکاران ایرانی بود و به بررسی ارتباط سن نسبی با میزان موفقیت تکواندوکاران در زمینه‌های حضور در لیگ، حضور در تیم ملی و کسب مدال در مسابقات رسمی پرداخته شد. برای انجام این بررسی داده‌های 1843 تکواندو کار زن و مرد فعال در باشگاه‌های تکواندو گردآوری شد و به تفکیک جنسیت مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. ورزشکاران دارای سابقه 10 سال فعالیت بین سالهای 2011 تا 2021 وارد مطالعه شدند. اثر سن نسبی مورد توصیف قرار گرفت و برای بررسی ارتباط سن نسبی با متغیرهای موفقیت، از آزمون برازش خی دو استفاده شد. نتیجه تحلیل‌ها نشان دهنده وجود اثر سن نسبی در تکواندو کاران ایرانی زن (04/0=p) و مرد (02/0=p) ایرانی بود و سن نسبی در مردان نقش معنی‌داری در حضور یا عدم حضور آن‌ها در لیگ داشت (02/0=p). این یافته برای زنان (46/0=p) معنی‌دار نبود. همچنین اثر سن نسبی در میزان موفقیت در کسب مدال (17/0=p) و شانس حضور در تیم‌های ملی (19/0=p) معنی‌دار نبود. اثر سن نسبی در در تکواندوکاران ایرانی مانند ورزش پایه در جهان یک مسئله و به نظر می‌رسد برتری‌های ناشی از زمان تولد در سال تقویمی یکسان، در مسیر موفقیت نهایی ورزشکاران نقش قابل اعتنایی دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
The relative age effect in attending in the highest level of sport and winning medals in Iranian taekwondo athletes
نویسندگان [English]
- Ali Pashabadi 1
- Majid Nayeri 2
- Mostafa Soltani 3
- Abdorrahman Khezri 4
1 Ph,D. In motor Behavior, Kharazmi University
2 I. R. Iran Taekwondo Federation
3 Raja
4 Ph. D Candidate of Motor Development, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Relative age have been widely investigated in the context of youth sports in recent decades. The phenomenon of Relative Age Effect (RAE) deal with recognizing (dis)advantages of relative age in children and adolescents born in same colander year. The present study aimed to investigate effect of relative age in Iranian taekwondo athletes and examine the relationship between relative age and the success of taekwondo athletes regrading league appearance, appearance in national team and medal winning. The information of 1843 male and female taekwondo athletes who are active in taekwondo clubs, were collect and analyzed according to their gender. Athletes with a history of 10 years of activity between 2011 and 2021 years were included in the study. The RAE described, and the chi-square test used to examine the relationship between relative age and success variables. The results showed the RAE in Iranian men (p=0.02) and women (p=0.04) taekwondo athletes, and the relative age of men had a significant effect in their appearance in the league (p=0.02). This finding was not significant for women (p=0.46). In addition, the relative age effect on the success rate in winning medals (p=0.17) and the opportunities to appearance in the national teams (p=0.19) was not significant. Similar to youth sport in the world, the relative age effect in Iranian taekwondo athletes is also a problem, and it seems that the (dis)-advantage due to the time of birth in the same calendar year plays a significant role in the final success pathway of the athletes.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- "Relative Age"
- "developmental age"
- "taekwondo"
- " youth sport"
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