نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی‌ارشد یادگیری و کنترل حرکتی، دانشگاه اصفهان
2 استادیار رفتار حرکتی و مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان
3 استاد رفتار حرکتی و مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان
چکیده
هدف از انجام این پژوهش، تعیین تأثیر جفت شدگی ویژگی شخصیتی رقابت‌جویی و غیررقابت‌جویی ومحیط تمرینی در تمرین مشاهدهای بر اکتساب، یادداری و انتقال پرتاب دارت بود. تعداد 60 دانش‌آموز دختر مقطع متوسطه با دامنة سنی 12 تا 15 سال به روش نمونه‌گیری دردسترس انتخاب شدند و براساس امتیاز کسب‌شده از پرسش‌نامة سوگیری ورزشی گیل و دیتر (1988) در چهار گروه رقابت‌جو و غیررقابت‌جو با تمرین مشاهدهای محیط رقابتی و نیز رقابت‌جو و غیررقابت‌جو با تمرین مشاهدهای محیط غیر رقابتی قرار گرفتند. پس از پیش‌آزمون، آزمودنی‌ها به‌مدت چهار هفته، هر هفته دو جلسه و در هرجلسه دو بار به مشاهدة محیط‌های موردنظر پرداختند.بلافاصله پس از اتمام دورة تمرین، از هر چهار گروه آزمون یادداری فوری و یک هفته پس از آن، آزمون یادداری تأخیری و انتقال گرفته شد. داده‌ها با آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که در مرحلة یادداری و انتقال، در محیط رقابتی و غیررقابتی تفاوت معناداری بین ورزشکاران گروه رقابت‌جو و غیررقابت‌جو وجود داشت و میانگین امتیاز پرتاب دارت در آزمودنی‌های با ویژگی شخصیتی همسان با محیط بیشتر بود. براساس دیدگاه تعاملی، وقتی سطح رقابت‌جویی افراد با سطح رقابت محیط تمرین در تعامل مثبت و صحیحی قرار می‌گیرد، بهترین سطح عملکرد را از خود نشان می‌دهند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Effect of Pairing the Personality Characteristic of Competitiveness, Non-Competitiveness and Training Environment in Observational Practice on Learning of Dart Throwing
نویسندگان [English]
- Mehrangiz Khaksar Boldaji 1
- Mehdi Rafeii Boroujeni 2
- Ahmad Reza Movahedi 3
1 M.Sc. of Motor Learning and Control, University of Isfahan
2 Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior and Sport Management, University of Isfahan
3 Professor of Motor Behavior and Sport Management, University of Isfahan
چکیده [English]
The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of pairing the personality characteristic of competitiveness, non-competitiveness and training environment in observational practice on acquisition, retention and transference of dart throwing. 60 girl students of ninth grade in high school in age range of 12-15 years were selected by accessible sampling and based on their scores in Gill and Deeter Sports Orientation Questionnaire. They were put in four groups of competitive with observational practice of competition environment, competitive with observational practice of non-competition environment, non-competitive with observational practice of competition environment and non-competitive with observational practice of non-competition environment. After pretest subjects practiced four weeks and two sessions held in every week (two observations for each session) of the intended environments. Immediately after the observational practice period, acquisition test was performed for all four groups. The delayed retention and transference phases were a week after acquisition. The data was analyzed using a data covariance analysis method. There were significant differences between competitiveness and non-competitiveness subjects in competitive and noncompetitive environment in retention and transfer tests. The mean of scores were better in subjects with the same personality characteristics with environment situation. According to interaction view, when the level of competitiveness and exercise environment competition level are in a correct and positive interaction, the best level of performance will be achieved.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Observational Practice
- Competitive Environment
- Non-Competitive Environment
- Competitiveness and Non-Competitiveness Trait
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