نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی‌ارشد رفتار حرکتی ، دانشگاه اصفهان
2 استاد رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه اصفهان
3 استادیار رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه اصفهان
چکیده
ازبین شیوههای مختلف رقابت، مطالعات متعددی آثار نسبی رقابت فردی و گروهی را بر تکالیف شناختی، بهبود تصمیمگیری و اجرای مهارتهای ورزشی بررسی کردهاند؛ باوجوداین، آثار انواع مختلف رقابت بر یادگیری مهارتهای ورزشی بررسی نشده است. هدف اصلی از انجام پژوهش حاضر، مقایسة آثار رقابت فردی و گروهی بر اکتساب و یادداری سرویس چکشی والیبال بود. تعداد 40 دانشآموز دورة متوسطة دوم (18-16 سال) که تجربهای در این مهارت نداشتند، بهصورت دردسترس انتخاب شدند. با توجه به نمرات پیشآزمون، شرکتکنندگان به دو محیط رقابت فردی و گروهی تقسیم شدند. شرکتکنندگان هر دو گروه تکلیف را در 10 جلسه تمرین کردند. پیشآزمون قبل از مداخله، آزمونهای اکتساب در مرحلة اکتساب و آزمونهای یادداری فوری و تأخیری بعد از مداخله اجرا شدند. برای اندازه‌گیری اجرای شرکتکنندگان از آزمون سرویس والیبال ایفرد (1984) استفاده شد. برای تحلیل‌دادهها، آزمون تی نمونههای مستقل و آزمون تحلیل واریانس با تکرار سنجش در سطح معناداری 05/0 استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که در مرحلة اکتساب بین گروه‌های موردمطالعه تفاوت معناداری وجود نداشت؛ اما در مرحلة یادداری، میانگین امتیازهای گروه رقابت گروهی به‌طور معناداری بهتر از گروه رقابت فردی بود. بنابر نتایج پژوهش میتوان اذعان کرد که یادگیری سرویس چکشی والیبال در محیط رقابت گروهی نسبت به رقابت فردی بهتر است. معلمان و مربیان میتوانند برای استفاده از نوع رقابت در محیط تمرین برای آموزش سرویس والیبال به دانش‌آموزان نوجوان، به یافته‌های این پژوهش توجه نمایند
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Comparison Effects of Individual and Group Competition on Acquisition and Retention of a Sport Skill
نویسندگان [English]
- Morteza Mohseni 1
- Ahmad Reza Movahedi 2
- Mehdi Rafei Broojeni 3
1 M.Sc. of Motor Behavior, University of Isfahan
2 Professor of Motor Behavior, University of Isfahan
3 Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior, University of Isfahan
چکیده [English]
It is well documented that competition can affect performance in sports. However, investigators have not studied the effects of types of competition on learning sport skills. The main purpose of the present study was to compare theeffects of individual and group competition on acquisition and retention of volleyball serve. A total of forty male adolescents (age ranged from (16 to 18) were divided into either an individual or group competition groups. The participants were novitiate in volleyball. Based on the task pre-test scores, participants were required to exercise the task either in individual or group competition environments. The AAHPERD volleyball serve test (1984) was used to measure the task performance. The participants of the two experimental groups exercised the task for 10 sessions. Pretest, acquisition tests and retention tests were taken at pre intervention, acquisition, and post intervention times respectively. For analyzing data, independent sample t test and repeated measures analysis of variance were used. The results showed that the performance of the two groups was found to be similar across acquisition phase while a between group significant difference was found at immediate and delay retention phase in terms of the skill performance. The results also showed that the performance of group competition participants was better than the performance of individual competition participants. We suggest that teachers and instructors use the results of the present study to decide on the type of competitive environment for teaching volleyball serve to adolescent male students.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Individual Competition
- Group Competition
- Volleyball Serve
- Acquisition
- Retention
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