نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه الزهرا (س)
2 دانشگاه الزهرا
3 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه الزهرا
4 استادیار دانشگاه الزهرا(س)
چکیده
هدف از مطالعة حاضر مقایسة ادراک فاصله ورزشکاران سالنی و خارج سالنی در محیط‌های سرپوشیده و روباز در فواصل دور و نزدیک بود. تعداد40 ورزشکار مرد (سابقة ورزشی حدود 5 سال و دامنة سنی بین20 تا 35 سال)، شامل 10 نفر تکواندوکار (انفرادی و سرپوشیده)،10نفر ورزشکار تنیس خاکی (انفرادی و روباز)، 10 نفر والیبالیست (تیمی و سرپوشیده) و10 نفر فوتبالیست (تیمی و روباز) انتخاب شدند. آزمون استاندارد راه رفتن با چشم بسته جهت سنجش ادراک فاصله، در چهار شرایط متفاوت (محیط‌های سرپوشیده و روباز، در فاصله 3 و 10 متر) انجام شد. میزان خطا برای رسیدن به هدف (شاخص ادراک فاصله) و زمان حرکت و طول گام (شاخص عملکرد) ثبت گردید. نتایج آزمون تحلیل واریانس مرکب با اندازه گیری مکرر (2 نوع ورزش ×2 محیط × 4 شرایط آزمون) نشان داد میزان خطای ورزشکاران ورزش‌های روباز و سرپوشیده تفاوت معناداری نداشت اما خطای ورزشکاران انفرادی بطور معناداری از تیمی بیشتر بود. زمان حرکت ورزشکاران گروه روباز و گروه تیمی در فاصله 10 متر محیط باز، به ترتیب بیشتر از ورزشکاران گروه سرپوشیده و گروه انفرادی بود. طول گام ورزشکاران ورزش‌های روباز و سرپوشیده تفاوت معناداری نداشت، اما طول گام ورزشکاران انفرادی بطور معناداری بیشتر از تیمی بود. این یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند که نوعِ تیمی یا انفرادی بودن رشته ورزشی و محیط اجرای ورزش به دلیل ماهیت رشته ورزشی، ترس از برخورد با دیوار و یادگیری پارامترهای فضایی- زمانی تمرین شده بر بهبود ادراک فاصله و عملکرد ورزشکاران تأثیر دارد
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of Sport Type and Exercise Environment on Athletic Distance Perception and Performance
نویسندگان [English]
- Nazari Mobasher Samira 2
- parisa hejazi dinan 3
- MARYAM RAHIMIYAN MASHHADI 4
1 ALZAHRA University
2 Alzahra University
3 Alzahra university
4 Alzahra university
چکیده [English]
The purpose of this study was to compare the distance perception between indoor and outdoor sports athletes in the indoor and outdoor conditions at far and near distances. A total of 40 male athletes were selected (sports experience about 5 years and age range between 20 to 35 years), which included 10 taekwondo (individual and indoor), 10 tennis (individual and outdoor), 10 volleyball (team and indoor) and 10 football (team and outdoor). The standard Direct Blind Walking Test were used to measure distance perception. The test was performed in four different conditions (indoor and outdoor, at a distance of 3 and 10 meters). The error rate to achieve the target (distance perception indicator), and movement time and step length (performance indicator) was recorded. The results of combined analysis of variance with repeated measurements (2×2×4) showed that there was no significant difference between errors of the outdoor and indoor sports athletes, but the single athletes' error was significantly higher than the team athletes. The movement time of indoor and team athlete groups in outdoor and 10 distance conditions was significantly higher than outdoor and single groups respectively. There was no significant difference in the step length of the athletes in outdoor and indoor sports groups, but the step length of single athletes was significantly higher than that of the team group. These findings show that Sport type and exercise environment effect on development of athlete’s distance perception and performance.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- distance perception
- individual athletes
- outdoor and indoor sports
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