نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران
2 استاد رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران
چکیده
در دهۀ اخیر پژوهشگران زیادی به مکانیسم های درگیر در خبرگی توجه کرده‌اند. آن‌ها به‌دنبال کشف این مطلب هستند که چگونه افراد برای کسب مهارت بیشتر با تکالیف پیچیده روبه‌رو می‌شوند و بر محدودیت‌ها غلبه می‌کنند؛ بنابراین، پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسة رفتارهای جست‌وجوی بینایی بسکتبالیست‌های ماهر و مبتدی تحت‌تأثیر محدودیت‌های زمانی انجام شد. شرکت‌کنندگان 24 بسکتبالیست دختر ماهر و مبتدی با دامنة سنی 19 تا 26 سال (میانگین = 5/22) بودند که در دو گروه ماهر (12 نفر) و مبتدی (12 نفر) قرار گرفتند. تکلیف مدنظر در این پژوهش، تحت تاثیر شرایط محدودیت زمانی صفر درصد، 25 درصد و 50 درصد اجرا شد. تکلیف شامل 10 شوت یکدست بسکتبال در هریک از شرایط محدودیت زمانی بود. رفتارهای جست‌وجوی بینایی (تعداد و مدت تثبیت‌ها) با استفاده از دستگاه ردیابی حرکات چشم ثبت شد و برای تحلیل نتایج از تحلیل واریانس (دو گروه در سه نوع آزمون) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که بین تعداد تثبیت ها(F(1,22)=5.75, P=0.02) و مدت تثبیت‌ها (F(1,22)=11.02, P=0.003)در افراد ماهر و مبتدی با و بدون محدودیت زمانی تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت. براساس نتایج این پژوهش، رفتارهای جست‌وجوی بینایی می‌توانند یکی از عوامل متمایزکننده در افراد با سطوح مهارتی متفاوت باشد که توجه به آن‌ها می‌تواند به افزایش خبرگی در ورزش کمک کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Comparing Visual Search Behavior Among the Expert and Novice Basketball Players Under Temporal Constraints
نویسندگان [English]
- Parisa Parsa Far 1
- Hassan Mohammad Zade 2
1 Ph.D. Student of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Urmia, Iran
2 Professor of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]
The mechanisms involved in expertise in the last decade have been highly considered by the researchers. Expertise research considers how performers are able to deal with complex tasks and overcome limitations to become highly skilled. The current study aimed to compare visual search behavior in skilled and novice basketball players under temporal constraint. The participants of this research were 24 skilled (n=12) and novice (n=12) basketball players with an age range of 19 to 26 years. For this research, task was executed under 0%, 25% and 50% temporal constraint condition. The task included 10 one hand set shot in each of the temporal constraints. The participant’s visual search behaviors collected by using eye tracking glasses. Finally, for the research analysis, 2*3 ANOVA was used. The results showed that there was a significant different in number and duration of fixations between skilled and novice participants with and without temporal constraints, also number and duration of fixations were decreased by increase in temporal constraints. Based on the results of this study, visual search behavior can be one of the distinguishing factors of different skill levels, which focus on it can help to improve the expertise performance in sport.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Visual Search Behavior
- Temporal Constraint
- Number of Fixation
- Fixation Duration
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