تأثیر یک دوره تمرین منتخب روی سطح سخت و نرم بر تعادل ایستا در کودکان با اختلال طیف اتیسم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه رفتار حرکتی و مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان

2 کارشناس ارشد رفتار حرکتی، گروه رفتار حرکتی و مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان

3 دانشیار گروه رفتار حرکتی و مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین تأثیر یک دوره تمرین منتخب روی سطح نرم و سخت بر تعادل ایستا در کودکان با اختلال طیف اتیسم انجام شد. بیست کودک با اختلال طیف اتیسم (سن 81/2 ±5/7 سال) به‌صورت دردسترس از میان کودکان با اختلال طیف اتیسم مراجعه‌کننده به مرکز اتیسم اردیبهشت اصفهان انتخاب شدند. سپس از نظر سن، جنس، قد، وزن و شاخص اتیسم همتا شدند و در دو گروه ده‌نفری تمرین روی سطح نرم و تمرین روی سطح سخت تقسیم شدند. آن‌ها به‌مدت 24 جلسه (سه بار در هفته) در یک دوره تمرینات منتخب تعادلی شرکت کردند. تعادل ایستای این کودکان در پیش‌آزمون و پس­آزمون با استفاده از جابه‌جایی مرکز فشار در جهت قدامی-خلفی و داخلی-جانبی در هنگام ایستادن روی دستگاه فوت‌اسکن در مدت زمان 18 ثانیه ارزیابی شد. به‌منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها از روش آماری تحلیل واریانس مختلط 2 × 2 استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که هر دو گروه پس از این مداخله بهبود معناداری را در وضعیت تعادل ایستا با چشم‌‌باز نشان دادند، اما تعادل ایستا با حالت‌های چشم‌‌باز و چشم‌بسته در دو گروه تمرین روی سطح نرم و سطح سخت در هر دو مؤلفۀ تعادل تفاوت معناداری با یکدیگر نداشت؛ بنابراین باید گفت تمرین در سطوح مختلف از نظر میزان پایداری با تقویت سیستم حس عمقی موجب بهبود تعادل کودکان با اختلال طیف اتیسم می­‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of a Period of Selected Exercises Over Soft and Hard Surfaces on the Static Balance of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Rafei Borujeni 1
  • Fahimeh Talebpoor 2
  • Maryam Nezakatalhosseini 3
  • Shila Safavi 1
1 Assistant Professor, Motor Behavior and Sport Management Department, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan
2 MA of Motor Behavior, Motor Behavior and Sport Management Department, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan
3 Associate Professor, Motor Behavior and Sport Management Department, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a selected exercise period on soft and hard surfaces on the static balance of children with autism spectrum disorder. Twenty children with autism spectrum disorder (age 7.8±2.81 years) were selected by use of convenience sampling from Ordibehesht Autism Center of Isfahan. Then, they were matched for age, sex, height, weight and autism index and assigned into two groups of 10 persons whom exercised on a soft surface and hard surface. They participated in a period of selected balance exercises for 24 sessions (three times a week). Static balance of these children was evaluated in the pretest and post-test by assessing the amount of displacement of the center of pressure in the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions while standing on the Foot Scan for 18 seconds. To analyze the data, the mixed (2 × 2) variance analysis was used (p <0.05).  The results showed that static balance with open eyes of both groups improved significantly after the intervention. However, there was not significant difference between the two groups of exercise on the soft and hard surfaces. Exercise on surfaces with different stiffness improves the balance of children with autism spectrum disorder by reinforcement of the proprioceptors.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder
  • Soft surfaces
  • Hard surfaces
  • Proprioceptors

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 05 خرداد 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 13 آذر 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 دی 1398

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