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تأثیر تمرین‌های هوازی، مقاومتی و ترکیبی در دوران بارداری بر رشد مهارت‌های حرکتی ظریف و درشت کودکان 12 ماهه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی‌ارشد رفتار حرکتی، گروه تربیت‌بدنی، دانشکدة علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران

2 استادیار رشد و تکامل و یادگیری حرکتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

فعالیت­های بدنی در دوران بارداری آثار مثبت متعددی برای مادر، جنین و طفل همراه دارند، اما درمورد نتایج آن از نظر پیامد­هایی که در کودکان دارد، ابهام‌هایی وجود دارد. هدف از انجام مطالعة حاضر، بررسی تأثیر تمرین­های هوازی، مقاومتی وترکیبی در دوران بارداری مادر بر رشد مهارت­های حرکتی ظریف و درشت کودکان 12 ‌ماهه بود. روش پژوهش، نیمه‌تجربی با طرح پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. نمونه­گیری، هدفمند و شامل 60 نفر از زنان باردار سالم در دورة سه‌ماهة دوم باداری بود که داوطلبانه در مطالعه شرکت کردند. نمونه‌ها به‌طور تصادفی به چهار گروه 15 نفری شامل تمرین هوازی، تمرین مقاومتی، تمرین ترکیبی و کنترل تقسیم شدند. گروه‌های تمرینی به‌مدت هشت هفته در قالب 24 جلسة 60 دقیقه‌ای طبق برنامة مربوطه تمرین کردند. پس از زایمان، کودکان در 12 ماهگی توسط آزمون پی‌بادی-نسخة دوم سنجش شدند. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها ازطریق آزمون آنوا و آزمون تعقیبی ال.اس.دی. و نرم‌افزار اس.پی.اس.اس. نسخة 22 انجام شد.یافته‌ها نشان داد که بین مهارت­های حرکتی کودکان 12 ماهه­ای که مادران آن‌ها تمرین بدنی داشتند، با گروه کنترل تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت؛ به‌گونه‌ای‌که گروه تمرین هوازی بهترین عملکرد را داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Aerobic, Resistance and Combination Exercises During Pregnancy on the Development of Fine and Gross Motor Skills of 12 Months Old Children

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Mansourjozan 1
  • Mohammad Mahdi Amini 2

1 M.Sc. in Motor Behavior, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

Physical activity during pregnancy has many positive effects for the mother, fetus and the baby. But there are some uncertainties about the consequences for children. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic, resistance and combination exercises during maternal pregnancy on the development of fine and gross motor skills in 12-month-old children. The research method was quasi-experimental with post-test design with control group. Purposeful sampling was performed on 60 healthy pregnant women in the second trimester who volunteered to participate in the study. Samples were randomly divided into four groups of 15 individuals: 1) aerobic exercise, 2) resistance training, 3) combined exercise and 4) control. The training groups were trained for eight weeks in 24 sessions for 60 minutes according to the program. After childbirth, children were assessed at 12 months of age using the PB-2 test. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, LSD and SPSS 22 software. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the motor skills of 12-month-old children whose mothers had physical training and the control group, so that the aerobic training group performed the best.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Exercise in Pregnancy
  • Motor Skills
  • Physical Activity
  • Infancy
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رفتار حرکتی
دوره 11، شماره 38
زمستان 1398
دی 1398
صفحه 17-34
فایل ها
سابقه مقاله
  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 آبان 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 بهمن 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 25 فروردین 1399
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