رفتار حرکتی

مقایسه مهارت های حرکتی جابجایی دانش آموزان 7 تا 9 سال با تاکید بر موقعیت جغرافیایی و جنسیت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی،تهران،ایران

2 دانشیار،دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی تهران،ایران

3 دانشجو دکترای رشد حرکتی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده
با اینکه رشد حرکتی تحت تاثیر نمو و بالیدگی قرار می‌گیرد، اما شرایط محیطی بر آن تاثیر می‌گذارد. هدف از این پژوهش مقایسه مهارت-های حرکتی جابجایی دانش آموزان 7 تا 9 سال با توجه به موقعیت جغرافیایی و جنسیت بود. جامعه آماری شامل دانش آموزان مراکز استانهای تهران، لرستان، خوزستان و کردستان بود که تعداد 240 نفر (120 دختر، 120 پسر) بعنوان نمونه در این پژوهش شرکت کردند. جهت سنجش مهارت‌های ‌حرکتی جابجایی از آزمون رشدحرکتی اولریخ (2015)، و جهت تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمون تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیره با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 22 استفاده گردید. نتایج حاصل از آزمون تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیره نشان داد اثر اصلی شهر و تعامل شهر و جنسیت در مهارت‌های جابجایی معنادار است (001/0 = P). در مهارت یورتمه دانش آموزان پسر در شهر سنندج امتیاز بیشتری نسبت به دانش آموزان دختر به دست آوردند (001/0 = P). در لی‌لی دانش آموزان پسر در شهر تهران (001/0 = P ) و اهواز (001/0 = P ) عملکرد بهتری داشتند، در مولفه سرخوردن دانش آموزان پسر در شهر اهواز امتیاز بیشتری نسبت به دانش آموزان دختر کسب کردند (001/0 = P). همچنین در نمره کل جابجایی امتیاز دانش آموزان شهر خرم آباد به طور معناداری بیشتر از دانش آموزان اهواز (001/0 = P) بود و دانش آموزان سنندج امتیاز بیشتری نسبت به دانش آموزان خرم آباد و تهران به دست آوردند (001/0 = P) اما تفاوت معناداری بین سایر شهرها مشاهده نشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Comparison of loco Motor Skills of children aged 7 to 9 years with emphasis on geographical location and gender Factors

نویسندگان English

  • farshid tahmasbi 1
  • farzaneh hatami 2
  • majid mohammdi 3
1 Associate Professor of shahid rajaie teacher training university
2 Associate Professor of shahid rajaie teacher training university
3 PhD student of motor development, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Although motor development is influenced by development and maturity, environmental conditions affect it. The purpose of this study was to compare the loco Motor Skills of children aged 7 to 9 years with emphasis on geographical location and gender Factors. The statistical population consisted of children from the centers of Tehran, Lorestan, Khuzestan and Kurdistan provinces with a sample size of 240 (120 girls, 120 boys). Ulrich motor development Test (2015) was used to measure loco motor skills, and multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the data using SPSS 22 software.The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that the main effect of city and the interaction of city and gender were significant in displacement skills (P = 0.001). In boys galloping skills in Sanandaj City, they gained more points than girl children (P = 0.001). In hopping, male children performed better in Tehran (P = 0.001, F-19/01) and Ahvaz city (P = 0.001), In the slaiding component of male children in Ahvaz city they received more points than female children (P = 0.001). Also in the total score of displacement Khoramabad city children score was significantly higher than Ahvaz children (P = 0.001) and children of Sanandaj City gained more points than Khoramabad and tahran children (P = 0.001). No significant differences were found between the other citys. According to the findings, it seems that geographical location has different effects on the development of movement patterns of boys and girls.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • "gender
  • "loco motor skills
  • " geographical location "
  1. Slotte S, Arja S, Katriina K. Fundamental movement skills and weight status in children: A systematic review. Journal of Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport in Gdansk. 2017:25(17):80-99.
  2. Gallahue D, Ozmun J. Understanding motor development: infants, children, adolescents, adults. 6th ed. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill; 2012. pp. 58-96.
  3. Haywood K, Getchell N. Lifespan motor development. 6th ed. Chicago, IL: Human Kinetics; 2014. pp.124-37.
  4. Robinson LE, Stodden DF, Barnett LM, Lopes VP, Logan SW, Rodrigues LP, et al. Motor competence and its effect on positive developmental trajectories of health. Sports Med. 2015;45(12):73–84.
  5. Logan SW, Webster EK, Getchell N, Pfeiffer KA, Robinson LE. Relationship between fundamental motor skill competence and physical activity during childhood and adolescence: a systematic review. Kinesiol Rev. 2015;21(4):16–26.
  6. Stodden DF, Goodway JD, Langendorfer SJ, RobertonMA, Rudisill ME, Garcia C, et al. A developmental perspective on the role of motor skill competence in physical activity: an emergent relationship. Quest. 2008;60(12):290–306.
  7. Newell, K.. Physical constraints to development of motor skills. In: Thomas J. ed. Motor development during preschool and elementery years .Minneapolis, MN: Burgess; 1984. pp. 105-20.
  8. Masters RSW, Poolton JM, Maxwell JP. Stable implicit motor processes despite aerobic locomotor fatigue. Consciousness and Cognition. 2008;17(1):335–8.
  9. Bellows LL, Johnson SL, Davies PL, Anderson J, Gavin WJ, Boles RE. The Colorado LEAP study: rationale and design of a study to assess the short term longitudinal effectiveness of a preschool nutrition and physical activity program. BMC Public Health. 2013;13:(11):46-52.
  10. Bilgili M. Sosyal bilimler felsefesi açısından Türkiye’deki üniversitelerde bölgesel coğrafya öğretimi. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi. 2016;33:(54):114-34.
  11. Kezban T. Comparison of gross motor development of 3-7 years old children in different geographical regions. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise. 2018:20(16):174-83.
  12. billy N. Comparison of mental and motor test scores for american children by gender, birth type, race, geographical location, and parental education. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. 1996;(36):379-411.
  13. Emma L. J. Eyre, Leanne Jaye Walker, and Michael J. Duncan fundamental movement skills of children living in england: the role of ethnicity and native english language. Perceptual and Motor Skills. 2018;125(1):5–20.
  14. Rosa M, Barroso A, Schapiro L, Liang W, Rodrigues O, Motor development in 9-month-old infants in relation to cultural differences and iron status: published in final edited form as. Dev Psychobiol. 2011;53(2):196–210.

15.Jacqueline D, Goodway JD, Leah E. Robinson  H . Gender differences in fundamental motor skill development in disadvantaged preschoolers from two geographical regions. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. 2010:81(1);17-24.

16.Zan Gao A, Nan Zeng B, Zachary C. Effects of exergaming on motor skill competence, perceived competence and physical activity in preschool children. Journal of Sport and Health Science. 2019;8(4):106-13

17.Webster E, Corby K, Amanda E. Fundamental motor skills, screen-time, and physical activity in preschoolers. Journal of Sport and Health Science. 2019;16(8):114-21.

18.Fotrousi F, Bagherly Gh. The compensatory impact of mini-basketball skills on the progress of fundamental movements in children. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2012;52(46):5206-10.

19.Barnett L, Hinkley T, Okely AD, Salmon J. Child, family and environmental correlates of children’s motor skill proficiency. J Sci Med Sport. 2013;32(16):332–6.

20.Lopes VP, Stodden DF, Bianchi MM, Maia JA. Correlation between BMI and motor coordination in children.  J Sci Med Sport. 2012;15(38):35–43.

21.Zeng N, Ayyub M, Sun H, Wen X, Xiang P, Gao Z. Effects of physical activity on motor skills and cognitive development in early childhood: a systematic review. BioMed Res Int. 2018;27(60):716-24.

22.Playford CJ, Dibben C, Williamson L. Socioeconomic disadvantage, fetal environment and child development: linked Scottish administrative records based study. Int J Equity Health. 2017;32(16):203-12.

23.Monika H, Patrizia T, Katerina A. Cross-cultural aspects: exploring motor competence among 7- to 8-year-old children from Greece, Italy, and Norway. SADE Journal 2018:21(12):451-65.

24.Jung Lin, Sh.  Shu-Chu, Y. The development of fundamental movement skills by children aged six to nine. Universal Journal of Educational Research. 2015:3(12);1024-35.

25.Sheikh M, Safania AM, Afshari J. Effect of selected motor skills on motor development of both gendersaged 5 and 6 years old. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2011; 150(10):1723-5.

26.Gabbard CP. Lifelong motor development. Pearson Higher Ed. 6th.2016;  : 23-39.

27.Mohammadi, F, Bahram, A,  Ghadiri . Validity and reliability of Gross Motor Development Test-Third Edition in three to 10 years old children in Ahvaz. Jundishapur Medical Scientific Journal. 2017;(61)4:127-148 . (In Persian).

28.Jaakkola T, Yli-Piipari S, Huotari P,Watt A. Fundamental movement skills and physical fitnessas predictorsof physicalactivity:a6-yearfollow-upstudy. Scand J Me Sci Sports. 2015;10(11):25-45.

29.Chow SMK, Henderson SE, Barnett AL. The movement assessment battery for children: a comparsion of 4-year-old to 6-year-old children from Hong Kong and the United States. Am J Occup Ther. 2001;18(24):55–61.

30.Bardid F, James R, Matthieu B. Cross cultural comparison of motor competence in childrenfrom Australia and Belgium. Frontirs in psychology . 2015:21(13):45-75.

31.Payne VG, Issacs LD. Human motor development: a lifespan approach. 8th ed. New York, Routledge ;  2012. pp. 452-61.

32.Stöckel T, Hughes C M. The relation between measures of cognitive and motor functioning in 5- to 6-year-old children. Psychological Research. 2016;80:543-54.

33.Cliff DP, Okely AD, Smith LM, McKeen K. Relationships between fundamental movement skills and objectively measured physical activity in preschool children. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2009;(21):436–49.

34.Mirab Z, Badami R. Comparison of basic motor skills of 7-year-old children in Kashan city and village. Journal of Motor Behavior and Sport Management. 2019;34(28):155-66. (In Persian).

35.Tsapakidou A, Anastasiadis T, Zikopoulou D, Tsompanaki E. Comparison of locomotor movement skills in 8-9 years old children coming from two areas of thessaloniki with contrasting socioeconomic status. Asian Jornal of Humanities and Studies. 2014;6(12):23-29.

36.Chow B, Louie L. Difference in children’s gross motor skills between two types of preschools. Perceptual and Motor Skills. 2013;2(11):253-61.

37.Dorfberger S, Adi-Japha E, Karni A. Sex differencesin motor performance and motor learning in children and adolescents: An increasing male advantage in motor learning and consolidation phase gains. Behavioural Brain Research. 2009;56(198):165-71.

38.Vedul-Kjelsås V, Stensdotter A K, Sigmundsson H. Motor competence in 11-year-old boys and girls. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. 2013;57(26):561-70.

39.Malina R, Bouchard C. Growth, adolescents & phisical activity. Bahram A, Khalaji H, etc. Perisan editors. Tehran: Omid Danesh Pub; 2002. pp. 612-25. (In Persian).

40.Johansson E, Hagströmer M, Svensson V, Ek A, Forssén M, Nero H, et al. Objectively measured physical activity in two-year-old children–levels, patterns and correlates. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 2015;12(1):3-10.

  1. Slykerman S, Ridgers ND, Stevenson C, Barnett LM. How important is young children’s actual and perceived movement skill competence to their physical activity? Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2016:19(6):488-92.
رفتار حرکتی
دوره 13، شماره 44
تابستان 1400
تیر 1400
صفحه 149-170

  • تاریخ دریافت 18 اسفند 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری 15 شهریور 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش 20 شهریور 1400

صفحه اصلی

داوران

ارسال مقاله

اصول اخلاقی

اخبار و اعلانات

اطلاعات آماری نشریه

تماس با ما