نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران

2 دانشیار رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی اثر ارتفاع حلقه و سطح مهارت بر ظهور مهارت ویژه در پرتاب آزاد بسکتبال بود. بدین‌‌منظور، 10 نفر از بازیکنان ماهر (58/2±23) و 10 نفر از بازیکنان کم‌تجربۀ (18/2±90/21) بسکتبال ۱۵۰ شوت ثابت را از پنج فاصلۀ مختلف نسبت به حلقه (شامل فاصلۀ پرتاب آزاد بسکتبال) انجام دادند. لازم‌به‌ذکر است که پرتاب‌ها در ارتفاع‌های بلند، استاندارد و کوتاه حلقه انجام گرفت و داده‌ها بر‌اساس تحلیل بیزی و با استفاده از مدل تعمیم‌پذیری تحلیل گردید. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که پارامتر نویز بینایی در مدل تقریباً ثابت است (ثابت بینایی= 03/0). پارامتر مهارت ویژه نیز تنها در افراد ماهر و ارتفاع حلقۀ استاندارد وجود مهارت ویژه را نشان می‌دهد (پارامتر مهارت ویژه= 13/0)؛ درحالی‌که پارامتر مهارت ویژه در افراد ماهر با تغییر ارتفاع حلقه نشان‌دهندۀ وجود مهارت ویژه نمی‌باشد. ذکر این نکته ضرورت دارد که پارامتر مهارت ویژه در افراد کم‌تجربه نشان‌دهندة وجود مهارت ویژه نیست. این یافته‌ها پیشنهاد می‌دهد که در کنار میزان انبوه تمرین، اطلاعات زمینۀ بینایی در ظهور مهارت ویژه نقش مهمی داشته و از فرضیۀ زمینۀ بینایی حمایت می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Basketball Net's Height and Skill Level on the Emergence of the Especial Skill in Basketball Free Throwing

نویسندگان [English]

  • Akram Kaviani 1
  • Behrooz Abdoli 2
  • Alireza Farsi 2

1 Ph.D. of Motor Behavior, Shahid Beheshti University of Tehran

2 Associated Professor of Motor Behavior, Shahid Beheshti University of Tehran

چکیده [English]

The aim of the current study was to examine the effect of the basketball net's height and skill level on the emergence of especial skill in basketball free throwing. To do this, ten experts (23±2.58) and ten less-expert (21.90±2.18) basketball players was taking 150 shots from five different distances from the basket including the free throw line. Players took their shots in the raised, standard and lowered basketball net's height. Two groups of the experts and less-experts threw 150 set shots in the raised, standard and lowered basketball net's height. The data was analysed based on Bayesian analysis applying a generalization model. The results reveal that the vision noise parameter in the model is quite constant (K vision=0.03). Also, the especial skill parameter showed the presence of the especial skill only in the experts when basketball net height was standard (a= 0.13). Whereas, the especial skill parameter showed no especial skill by the change of the basketball net's height in the experts. Furthermore, no especial skill was seen in the less-expert. These results proposed that besides the massive amount of practice, visual context information play critical role in the emergence of the especial skill and supported visual- context hypothesis.

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کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Visual- Context Hypothesis
  • Expert
  • Less-Expert
  • The Hierarchical Bayesian Analysis
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