نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه اصفهان
2 کارشناسی ارشد رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه اصفهان
چکیده
تمایل به بیشینه‌کردن آسانی وضعیت‌های دست و بازو در پایان اجرای تکالیف حرکتی دست‌کاری ساده به‌جای شروع حرکت، با عنوان اثر حالت یا وضعیت راحت/آسان پایانی تعریف شده است. از این ویژگی به عنوان معیاری برای ارزیابی آثار رفتاری طرح‌ریزی عمل استفاده شده است. هدف از این پژوهش ارزیابی روند رشدی طرح‌ریزی حرکت گروهی از کودکان پسر سالم رشدی با دامنة سنی سه تا 10 سال (میانگین 25/2±06/6 سال؛ تعداد = ۹۷) و مقایسة آن با یک گروه از مردان جوان 18 تا 24 سال (میانگین 13/2±70/20 سال؛ تعداد =20) بود. شرکت‌کنندگان یک تکلیف طرح‌ریزی حرکت (تکلیف شمشیر) را اجرا کردند که در آن یک شمشیر اسباب‌بازی چوبی را می‌گرفتند و درون یک شکاف جا می‌دادند. درصد رعایت وضعیت‌های راحت پایانی در جهت‌های کنترل و مهم ارزیابی شد. نتایج، اثر سن را در افزایش درصد رعایت وضعیت‌های راحت پایانی در موقعیت‌های مهم مشخص کرد؛ به این صورت که کودکان بزرگ‌تر بیشتر از کودکان کوچک‌تر حالت راحت پایانی را نشان دادند و از میان آنها، کودکان 10 ساله در رعایت حالت راحت پایانی به سطح حساسیت مشابه بزرگ‌سالان رسیدند. این پژوهش درمجموع نشان داد در کودکان حساس‌بودن نسبت به رعایت حالت راحت پایانی مشابه بزرگ‌سالان، تا 10 سالگی رشد می‌کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Development of End-State Comfort Planning in an Object Manipulation Task
نویسندگان [English]
- Hamid Salehi 1
- Majid Borji 2
1 Associate Professor of Motor Behavior, University of Isfahan
2 M.Sc. in Motor Behavior, University of Isfahan
چکیده [English]
End-state comfort (ESC) effect defined as the tendency to assume comfortable postures at the end rather than at the beginning of simple object manipulation tasks. This characteristic has been used to assess the behavioral effects of action\motor planning. The aim of this investigation was to assess the developmental trends in motor planning in a group of typically developing male children aged 3 to 10 years (Mean age:6.06±2.25 years; N=97) and compare with a group of male young adults aged 18 to 24 years (Mean age:20.70±2.13 years; N=20). The participants performed a motor planning task (sword task) in which they needed to grasp a wooden play sword and place it into a slot. The percentage of comfortable end postures in both the critical orientations and the control orientations were evaluated. The results revealed an age effect for the percentage of comfortable end postures in the critical orientations, as evidenced by the finding that older children more often showed the ESC effect compared with younger children, and only 10-year-old children reached the same level of sensitivity to ESC as adults. In sum, the study showed that sensitivity to ESC like adults will develop until 10 years of age in children.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- ActionMotor Planning
- Object Manipulation
- Motor development
- Motor Control
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