نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی‌ارشد رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران
2 استادیار رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران
3 دانشیار رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران
چکیده
بررسی عوامل زیربنایی عملکرد ورزشی یکی از مهم‌ترین اهداف پژوهشگران علوم ورزشی است. در این راستا پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی ارتباط بین کارکردهای اجرایی پایه (بازداری و حافظۀ‌کاری) با عملکرد تیراندازی انجام شد. بدین‌منظور 30 نفر از تیراندازان استان کردستان در دامنۀ سنی 18 تا 32 سال که زیر نظر هیئت تیراندازی استان به تمرین می‌پرداختند، در این پژوهش شرکت کردند. حافظۀ کاری و کنترل بازداری از طریق آزمون‌های ان-بک و استروپ ارزیابی شدند. سپس امتیاز افراد در اولین مسابقۀ رسمی بعد از ارزیابی به‌عنوان عملکرد تیراندازی در نظر گرفته شد. ارتباط بین متغیرها با آزمون‌های همبستگی پیرسون و اسپیرمن و همچنین رگرسیون خطی ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد که تنها بین دو مؤلفۀ میزان خطا در کوشش‌های ناهمخوان و نمرۀ تداخل در آزمون استروپ با عملکرد تیراندازی رابطۀ معنا‌داری وجود داشت (P < 0.05) و بین سایر مؤلفه‌ها رابـطۀ معـنا‌داری مشاهده نشد(P > 0.05) ؛ براین‌اساس، با کاهش خطا در کوشش‌های ناهمخوان و همچنین کاهش تداخل، رکورد تیراندازی افزایش پیدا کرد. علاوه‌براین، نتایج رگرسیون خطی نشان داد که تنها مولفۀ نمرۀ تداخل به‌طور معنا‌داری توانایی تبیین بخشی از واریانس عملکرد تیراندازی را داشت (P < 0.05). به‌طورکلی یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که از بین کارکردهای اجرایی پایه یعنی حافظۀ کاری و کنترل بازداری، کنترل بازداری توانایی بیشتری در تبیین عملکرد تیراندازی را دارد؛ از این‌رو، این مؤلفه می‌تواند در کنار سایر مؤلفه‌های مهم تأثیرگذار بر عملکرد تیراندازان قرار گیرد تا نخست برای ارزیابی و سپس به‌منظور بهبود عملکرد تیراندازی از طریق مداخلات ارتقای بازداری به‌کار گرفته شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Relative Contribution of Core Executive Functions in Shooting Performance Prediction
نویسندگان [English]
- Shadieh Soleiman Beigi 1
- Mohammad Reza Ghasemian Moghadam 2
- Ehsan Zareian 3
1 M.Sc. in Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Science, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran
2 Assistant professor of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Science, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran
3 Associate professor of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Science, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran
چکیده [English]
Investigating the underlying factors of sports performance is one of the most important goals of sports science researchers. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between core executive functions (inhibition and working memory) and shooting performance. For this purpose, 30 shooters from Kurdistan province, aged 18-32 years, trained under the supervision of the province's shooting committee, participated in this study. The working memory and inhibitory control were assessed through the N-Beck and Stroop tests. Then the score in the first official competition of these athletes was considered as shooting performance. Correlation between variables was evaluated by Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient tests as well as linear regression. The results showed that there was a significant relationship only between the two components of incongruent trials errors and interference score in the Stroop test with shooting performance (p < 0.05) and there was no significant relationship between the other components (P>0.05). Accordingly, the shooting score increased with decreasing errors in incongruent trials as well as reduced interference. In addition, linear regression results showed that only the interference score component was able to estimate part of the variance of shooting performance significantly. Overall, the present findings showed that among the core executive functions (working memory and inhibitory control), the inhibitory control can predict the shooting performance. Therefore, this component can be placed along with other important factors affecting shooter performance to be used first for evaluate and then to improve shooting performance through inhibition enhancement interventions.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Shooting
- Working Memory
- Inhibition
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