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تدوین و بررسی اثر بخشی یک دوره برنامه حرکتی منتخب باساختار، بی ساختار و نیمه ساختار بر رشد حرکتی کودکان 4 تا 7 سال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران. ایران

2 استادیار، گروه رفتار حرکتی ، واحد علوم و تحقیقات ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه علوم رفتاری در ورزش، پژوهشگاه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، تهران ایران

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش تدوین و بررسی اثر بخشی یک دوره برنامه حرکتی منتخب باساختار، بی‌ساختار و نیمه‌ساختار بر رشد حرکتی کودکان 4 تا 7 سال بود. این پژوهش به صورت نیمه تجربی، از نظر هدف و نتایج کاریردی بود. طرح این پژوهش از نوع طرح‌های پیش آزمون‌ پس آزمون با سه گروه آزمایش بود. شرکت کنندگان60 نفر به طور هدفمند از بین مهدکودک‌های شهر تهران انتخاب شدند و پس از کسب رضایت والدینشان توسط فرم رضایت نامه بصورت تصادفی در سه گروه باساختار، بی ساختار و نیمه ساختار قرار گرفتند. برنامه‌های حرکتی منتخب با ساختار شامل، لی لی دسته جمعی‌، توپ رابه هدف بزن، رد کردن توپ از بین پاها، حمل بادکنک، تعادل که باتوجه به آموزش مربی انجام شد. برنامه‌های حرکتی منتخب بی‌ساختار: وسایل و تجهیزات در اختیار کودک قرار داده شده بود و با توجه به انتخاب خود و به صورت دلخواه بازی را انتخاب می‌کرد. برنامه‌های حرکتی منتخب نیمه‌ساختار یک جلسه بصورت با‌ساختار و یک جلسه به صورت دلخواه بازی انتخاب می‌کنند. آزمون رشد حرکتی درشت (ویرایش 3) ﯾﮏ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ آزﻣﻮن ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪﻣﺤﻮر اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮای ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻣﻬﺎرت ﺣﺮﮐﺘﯽ درﺷﺖ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن استفاده شد. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمون های تحلیل واریانس مرکب و آزمون پیگیردی بانفرونی استفاده شد در پایان نتایج نشان داد گروه نیمه ساختار در پس‌آزمون عملکرد بهتری را نسبت به گروه بی‌ساختار نشان داده است. ولی بین دو گروه بی‌ساختار و با ساختار و همچنین نیمه‌ساختار و با ساختار تفاوت معناداری در متغیر رشد حرکتی درشت در پس‌آزمون دیده نشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Development and evaluation of the effectiveness of a selected movement program with structured, unstructured, and semi-structured on motor development of children aged 4 to 7 years

نویسندگان [English]

  • Faramarz Hooshyari 1
  • Keyvan Molla Noroozi 2
  • Abdollah Ghasemi 2
  • Ali Kashi 3

1 Ph.D. Student in Motor Behavior, Islamic Azad University, Research Sciences Branch, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Motor behavior , Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Behavioral Sciences in Sports, Sport Science Research Institute, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the effectiveness of a selected exercise program structured, unstructured and semi-structured on motor development of children aged 4 to 7 years. This research was quasi-experimental in terms of purpose and applied results. The design of this study was a pre-test-post-test design with three experimental groups. The participants of the study were purposefully selected from among the kindergartens in Tehran, in which 60 people were purposefully selected and after obtaining the consent of their parents through the consent form, they were randomly divided into three groups: structured, unstructured and semi-structured. Selected movement programs with the structure: standing, , skipping in groups, carrying the ball, hitting the ball, Carrying balloons, keeping balance and which was done according to the instructor's training. Selected unstructured movement programs: tools and equipment were provided to the child and he chose the game according to the individual's choice. Selected semi-structured movement programs were used, one session with structure and one session as desired. A gross motor development test (edit 3) is a process-based test set that is used to measure a child's gross motor skills. To analyze the data, combined analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test was used. In the end, the results showed that the semi-structured group performed better in the post-test than the unstructured group. But between the two groups of unstructured and structured as well as semi-structured and structured, no significant difference was observed in the large motor development variable in the post-test.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • motor development
  • structured programs
  • unstructured programs
  • large motor development
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رفتار حرکتی
دوره 15، شماره 52
تیر 1402
صفحه 173-202
فایل ها
سابقه مقاله
  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 آبان 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 آذر 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 10 اردیبهشت 1401
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