تأثیر انگیختگی ناشی از حضور تماشاگر بر ادراک عمق و حافظۀ فضایی دانشجویان دختر ورزشکار

زارعیان, احسان; رازدان, سعیده; طهماسبی بروجنی, شهزاد

doi:10.22089/mbj.2016.842

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ استادیار گروه رفتار حرکتی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

² کارشناس ارشد رفتار حرکتی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

³ استادیار گروه رفتار حرکتی دانشگاه تهران‌

https://doi.org/10.22089/mbj.2016.842

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تأثیر انگیختگی ناشی از حضور تماشاگر بر ادراک عمق و حافظۀ فضایی دانشجویان دختر ورزشکار می‌باشد. جامعۀ آماری این پژوهش را تمامی دانشجویان دختر دانشکدۀ تربیت‌بدنی دانشگاه تهران تشکیل دادند که از‌این‌میان، 30 نفر (با میانگین سنی 38/1±47/20 سال) به‌صورت داوطلبانه در پژوهش شرکت نمودند. شایان‌ذکر است که پژوهش حاضر به روش نیمه‌تجربی انجام شد. ابتدا از تمامی آزمودنی‌ها پیش‌آزمون ادراک عمق (آزمون‌گر الکتریکی ادراک عمق) و حافظۀ فضایی (با استفاده از دستگاه حرکت خطی) به عمل آمد. سپس، آزمودنی‌ها به‌صورت تصادفی به دو گروه کنترل (بدون حضور تماشاگر) (15 نفر) و تجربی (با حضور تماشاگر هم‌جنس) (15 نفر) تقسیم شدند. قابل‌ذکر است که شاخص ضربان قلب برای سنجش سطح انگیختگی آزمودنی‌ها مورداستفاده قرار گرفت. همچنین، پس از اعمال مداخلۀ مربوط به گروه تجربی، از شرکت‌کننده‌ها پس‌آزمون به عمل آمد. نتایج تحلیل کوواریانس در ادراک عمق نشان می‌دهد که بین ادراک عمق دو گروه تجربی و کنترل تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (P=0.001). به‌عبارت‌دیگر، افزایش سطح انگیختگی (حضور تماشاگر هم‌جنس) موجب افزایش خطای ادراک عمق آزمودنی‌ها شده است. تحلیل کوواریانس در حافظۀ فضایی نیز بیانگر این است که گرچه محیط انگیزشی سبب افزایش خطای حافظۀ فضایی شده است، اما بین انگیختگی ناشی از حضور تماشاگر و حافظۀ فضایی دانشجویان دختر ورزشکار در گروه تجربی و کنترل تفاوت معناداری وجود ندارد (p=0.1)؛ لذا، پیشنهاد می‌شود با توجه به تضعیف ادراک عمق از طریق افزایش میزان انگیختگی، ورزشکاران از راهبردهای مؤثر و مناسب کنترل میزان انگیختگی بهره‌مند گردند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

کنترل حرکتی

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Spectator – induced Arousal on Depth Perception and Spatial Memory in Female Student Athletes

نویسندگان [English]

Ehsan Zareian ¹
Saeedeh Razdan ²
Shahzad Tahmasebi Brojeni ³

چکیده [English]

The purpose of the present research was to investigate the effect of spectator-induced arousal on depth perception and spatial memory in female student athletes. The population of the present study included all female students of physical education faculty of Tehran University. Thirty university students (Mean age=20.47 ± 1.38 y) volunteered to participate in the experiment. The method of the present study was semi experimental. First, depth perception (Pulsimeter, Electric Depth Perception Tester) and spatial memory (linear movement apparatus) were evaluated; then, they were divided randomly into two groups, including a control group without spectator presence (n=15) and an experimental group with spectator presence (15 people). The heart rate was used for measurement of arousal. The post-test was done for all participants after intervention. The results of covariance analysis in depth perception showed that spectator-induced arousal had significant effect on DP (P=0.001). In conclusion, the results indicated that high motivation (spectator presence) negatively affects DP, resulting in overestimation. Covariance analysis in spatial memory showed that although motivational climate (spectator) increased errors of spatial memory, there was no significant difference between spectator-induced arousal and spatial memory in the experimental and control groups (P=0.1). Thus, given the compromising effect of increased arousal level on depth perception, athletes are encouraged to use effective strategies for appropriate control of arousal levels

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Arousal
Spectator
Depth Perception
Spatial Memory
Female Students

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تأثیر انگیختگی ناشی از حضور تماشاگر بر ادراک عمق و حافظۀ فضایی دانشجویان دختر ورزشکار

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 8، شماره 25پاییز 1395آبان 1395صفحه 121-138

دوره 8، شماره 25
پاییز 1395
آبان 1395
صفحه 121-138